The UN-Charter prohibits the use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconstistent with the purposes of the United Nations. In case of aggression by one nation-State against another, the United Nations Security Council is authorized under Chapter VII of the UN Charter to allow member states to take all necessary measures to maintain international peace and security. Some examples of Use of Force short of war : economic sanctions, boycott, pacific blockade, embargo, retorsion and reprisals.
Check our Research Guide on Use of Force
On 17 July 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 crashed in Donetsk Oblast, Eastern Ukraine. All 298 people on board MH17, which was en route from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur, died. It claimed the lives of 193 Dutch nationals, 43 from Malaysia, and 27 from Australia. Other victims came from a variety of countries including Indonesia, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Germany and the Philippines. From the start, both the investigation into the cause of the crash and the criminal investigation into the downing of Flight MH17 were severely challenged due to the ongoing armed conflict in Eastern Ukraine between pro-Russian separatists, supported by the Russian Federation, and the Ukrainian government.
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The Summer Courses of The Hague Academy are in full gear and on July 30th, we welcomed another group of 350 students for the Private International Law Session of The Hague Academy. As always, the Library plays a central role in the life of many a student throughout their stay at the Academy. For this reason, we would like to introduce you to our Summer Assistants who will work at the main desk in the Reading Room and who will try their hardest to make you feel welcome and at home each time you enter the Library.
The ‘Kosovo Specialist Chambers & Specialist Prosecutor’s Office’ are tasked with the prosecution of individuals for crimes against humanity, war crimes and other crimes under Kosovo law which occurred between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2000 in Kosovo.
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The Scheldt is a transboundary river which originates in North-Western France and runs through Western Belgium and the South-West of the Netherlands. The Scheldt Estuary is shared between Belgium and the Netherlands. The Dutch section of the estuary is called the Western Scheldt, and is of vital importance as navigation channel to the port of Antwerp. Since the separation of Belgium from the Netherlands in 1839, the free navigation of the Scheldt and the maintenance and improvement of the navigation channel have been a bone of contention and legal controversy.
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534 C 27
529 G 18
526 B 31
529 G 16
529 C 17
530 F 23
You can find the showcase in our Reading Room.